ABSTRACT
@#Background: Most guidelines all over the world recommended metformin as the first-line treatment for in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, the present study was suggested to assess the outcome of metformin administration and glycemic status on alterations in red blood cell (RBCs) indices as well as the oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Between December 2016 and October of 2017, a total of 158 eligible individuals were classified as 50 healthy subjects and 108 diabetic patients who were subdivided into six groups according to the type of anti-diabetic treatments. Results: Overall, the results elucidated that hemoglobin concentration was markedly diminished, while red cell distribution width (RDW) value was significantly (P < 0.001) elevated in all diabetic groups as compared to control. Moreover, in all diabetic groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was elevated noticeably (P < 0.001), while reduced glutathione (GSH) revealed a lower concentration (P < 0.001) than that of control. Conclusion: The present study exhibited the amelioration effect of metformin administration on oxidative stress and glycemic status which reflected on some RBCs indices. However, hemoglobin concentration showed a noticeable diminution in all metformin-treated groups in spite of the improvement in glycemic and oxidative stress status which indicated that the metformin-induced anemia is independently from diabetic complications.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effect of purslane with carbamazepine treatment. Methods Male albino rats were modulated by pilocarpine to be epileptic. Both the normal and epileptic rats were treated with carbamazepine, purslane or carbamazepine plus purslane, with separate non-treated control groups for both normal and epileptic rats. Results The data from the current study showed amelioration in amino acids and electrolytes in the epileptic rats treated with purslane and carbamazepine, with this amelioration occurring without decreasing the fertility hormones (testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone). Purslane treatments also prevented the increase in estradiol. The decreased epileptic hyperexcitability with purslane was evidenced by decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein and lipid peroxidation. Conclusions Natural products like purslane could be used with the highly repetitive drugs like carbamazepine to reduce or prevent its side-effects.
ABSTRACT
Aging is the normal transition time after a flurry of activity. Although there are quite a few age-related changes that tax the body, disability is not necessarily a part of aging. Health and lifestyle factors together with the genetic makeup of the individual, determine the response to these changes. In this study, we try to ameliorate the abnormalities accompanying aging by natural products known by their highly antioxidant effect. In this pilot study thirty male aged rats [1.5-2 years old] [measured according to length of tail and weight of rats] were divided into three groups [10/each group]; a control aged group, onion oil treated group and dipropyl disulphide [DPDS] treated group. Another thirty male adult rats [z 6 months old], had the same division as the aged ones. Biochemical measurements were done at the end of the experiment [4 weeks] to study the treatments effect on liver function, kidney function, metabolic effect, monoamines and fertility. All the liver function indicators; AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, ALP and total bilirubin were significantly high [p<0.001] in the aged group and decreased significantly after treatments, while the adult groups were non-significantly changed. The measured kidney function biomarkers showed also the change only with aged and aged treated groups with a significant [p<0.001] decrease in total protein and albumin and an increase in urea and creatinine concentration, these changes ameliorated in the same manner with either onion oil or DPDS. The lipid profile showed a high cholesterol, triglyceride concentration [p<0.05] and HDL and LDL concentration [p<0.001] but a non-significant increase in HDL concentration. The tested treatments succeed to improve [p<0.001] this lipid profile changes except HDL concentration. The monoamines level was decreased in the aged rats then increased significantly after treatments [p<0.05 with norepinephrine and serotonin and p<0.001 with dopamine]. Taking testosterone as indicators for fertility, the treatments had a significant increment effect [p<0.001] on the decreased testosterone level of the aged rats. the present pilot study demonstrate that onion oil and its active constituent are good fighters for aging while it do change on liver function, Kidney function, Protein, Lipid profile, monoamines and fertility hormones and need more study to prevent earlier aging